differentiate state vs. nation
A state is a territory with its own institutions and populations.
A sovereign state is a state with its own institutions and populations that has a permanent population, territory, and government. It must also have the right and capacity to make treaties and other agreements with other states.
A nation is a large group of people who inhabit a specific territory and are connected by history, culture, or another commonality.
A nation-state is a cultural group (a nation) that is also a state (and may, in addition, be a sovereign state).
